郭凤林 毛思佳
摘 要：近年来开放政府数据运动浪潮席卷全球，成为推动开放政府建设和公共治理改革的重要内容，被赋予推动提升政府透明度、开发政府服务的社会和商业价值以及提升公众参与等期待。实践中，开放政府数据的范畴不断拓展，在更多满足公众开发需求的同时也面临着数据源、数据形式多样性所带来的再使用难题。当前各国探索了不同的提供方案，包括英国的关联数据式、新加坡的电子服务式以及美国的门户网站式等模式。伴随着大数据发展和数字政府改革，中国的开放政府数据实践也正在迅速铺开，以门户网站和移动端为主要形式，形成了多个以省级为单位的开放数据平台品牌。未来开放政府数据建设需要进一步关注公民隐私保护等问题，并着力推动开放数据在更高层次的整合以及服务于社会。
关键词：开放政府数据；开放政府；公共治理改革
【作者】郭凤林，北京外国语大学国际关系学院副教授，主要研究方向为社会政策、福利政治、比较政治等；毛思佳，北京外国语大学国际关系学院硕士研究生。
【Title】Open Government Data: Theory, Practice and Frontiers
Abstract: The open government data movement has swept the world in recent years and has become an important part of the drive for open government and public governance reform, with expectations to drive greater government transparency, develop the social and commercial value of government services and enhance public engagement. In practice, the scope of open government data continues to expand, and while it is more responsive to public development needs, it also faces the challenge of re-use due to the diversity of date sources and data forms. Currently countries have explored different delivery options, including linked data style in the UK, e-services style in Singapore, and portal style in the US. China’s open government data practice is also spreading rapidly alongside the digital government reform, with several provincial-based brands of open data platforms in the form of portals and mobile terminals. The future construction of open government data needs to pay further attention to issues such as the protection of citizens’ privacy, and focus on promoting the integration of open data at a higher level and serving society.
Key words: Open government data; Open government; Public governance reform