梁梦 杨一
摘要：本文对建国以来中国共产党在应急管理领域的理论探索与实践活动进行分时期梳理，评估其应急治理效能，为完善应急管理中的党务工作提供参考。我们发现，无论是以单灾种应对为目标的应急实践初期（1949年—2003年）、还是以“一案三制”为核心的应急建设时期（2003年—2012年）、抑或是以总体国家安全观为统领的应急优化时期（2012年至今），中国共产党的领导活动都体现出两大态势：一是不断创新的思想引导。从邓小平理论到新时代中国特色社会主义思想，党的理论创新对各时期的公共安全形势都作出了深刻分析和理性回应。二是不断深入的实践统筹。从设立应急管理非常设机构到成立国家安全委员会，中国共产党对应急实践的领导程度在加深，管理范围在扩大，完成了国家安全领域全覆盖。
关键词：应急管理建设；中国共产党；以人民为中心；国家安全观；应急治理效能
【作 者】梁梦，北京大学政府管理学院博士研究生；杨一，通讯作者北京大学政府管理学院助理教授、博士生导师。
【Title】Protecting People’s Safety with Theory and Practice: The Communist Party of China and the Development of Emergency Management from 1949 to 2021
Abstract: This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the Chinese Communist Party’s leading role in developing the country’s emergency management system over the period of 1949-2021: based on archival research and existing scholarship, we find that during the system’s three development phases (1949-2003; 2003-2012; 2012-2021), on the one hand, the Party has continuously sharpened its theoretical and analytical tools to dissect the causes of public security issues; on the other hand, with significant organizational reconstructing arrangements, the Party has well helped the government better anticipate and confront public security problems, thereby lessening their disastrous consequences via more effective and efficient emergency management practices at the street level.
Keywords: Emergency management, The Chinese Community Party, The holistic national security approach, People-Centered national development strategies , Emergency governance performance appraisal