——评《红天鹅：中国独特的治理和制度创新》
宁凡
摘 要：《红天鹅》是从中观层面研究中国国家治理能力的典范之作。该书尝试打破西方学界的政体思维困境，从适应性治理的角度重识中国治理能力的独特之处。韩博天认为，政策试验与长期规划相结合是中国政策学习适应能力的关键。中国治理能力的有效性存在争论，争论焦点在于中国政治体制是否具备多种学习模式，以及中国的治理能力在不同领域是否都能发挥作用。历史实践证明，中国治理能力足以应对破坏性危机。中国治理模式具有复杂性，韩博天总结了中国政策学习适应能力的十个特点。这十个特点存在一条逻辑主线，即中国的政策学习能力在不同时期和领域中呈现出不同的样态。
关键词：《红天鹅》；政策试验；适应性治理；治理能力
【作者】宁凡，吉林大学法学院法律史博士。
【Title】Facilitating National Governance Capacity by Policy Experiments
——A Review of Red Swan:How Unorthodox Policy Making Facilitated China’s Rise
Abstract: Red Swan is a masterpiece which studies on China’s national governance capacity from medium level. By breaking through the predicament of regime-thinking, the book studies on China’s unorthodox governance capacity from perspective of adaptive governance. The guerrilla policy style makes China’s policy-making process flexible. The critical factor of China’s policy-making capacity is combining policy experiments with long-term priorities successfully. There are two major controversies about effectiveness of China’s governance capacity which include whether China’s political system has various learning models and whether China’s national governance capacity is sufficient for solving destructive crises. The Irreproducible variate leads to the conundrum of the model of China’s governance. Heilmann concludes ten characters of China’s policy-making capacity. A common thread running through the ten characters is that China’s policy-making capacity has various patterns in different periods and fields.
Key words: Red Swan ；Policy experiments；Adaptive governance；Governance capacity