——以人身损害赔偿为例
黄清华
摘要：强调《民法典》实施如何走出人权低标准困境，有其深刻的法制、经济和社会根源。当前，讨论这一问题，无法回避《民法通则》《民法总则》的实施情况。《民法通则》《民法总则》实施的“权力保障低标准”，主要表现在对人身损害赔偿的民事司法救济处于低位水平，且没有能够随着经济社会发展变化而相应提高改善。由于思想理论界对此准备不充分，《民法典》实施仍可能走《民法总则》人权低标准的老路。中国当前的发展问题与这种“权利保障低标准”不无关系。应当从发展变化中的国情出发，贯彻以人为本理念、合理赔偿原则，法律程序上应当支持双（各）方当事人平等谈判，支持通过谈判与调解、仲裁和诉讼相结合的方式解决合理赔偿问题，并且在损害赔偿项目、标准和方式等方面重新审视相关司法解释，减少国家干预，以开放性的客观标准，支持一个理性的普通人对于损害赔偿的合理要求，使之在户口所在地、经常居住地能够过上一种普通人的基本体面的生活。
关键字：《民法典》；实施；权利保障低标准；人身损害赔偿
Abstract: There are profound legal, economic and social roots in the emphasis that the implementation of The Civil Code how to go out of the plight of low standard of rights safeguard. Discussing the issue at present, it is unable to avoid the situation of the implementation of the General Rules of Civil Law and the General Principles of Civil Law . The low standard of rights safeguard of implementation of the General Rules of Civil Law , the General Principles of Civil Law is mainly represented in the low level of civil judicial relief on the side of personal injury compensation , and the low level is not able to increase with the development and change of economy and society in China. Due to the inadequate preparation of the ideological and theoretical circles in China, the implementation of The Civil Code is still possible following the old way of the low standard of rights safeguard in the General Principles of Civil Law .The China's current development dilemma has something link with the low standard of rights safeguard. To safeguard the innocent plaintiffs of personal injury cases with a basically decent life of ordinary people in the place of residence and habitual residence, the people-oriented concept and the reasonable compensation principle should be implemented, which is started from the developed and changed national conditions, the combination of legal procedures of equality talks between double (each) of the parties with mediation, arbitration and litigation should be supported, and the relevant judicial explanations should be reviewed in the aspects such as heads, standards and manner of compensation for reducing the state intervention and supporting rational requests of reasonable persons for compensation with an open and objective standard.
Key words: Civil Code ， Implementation，Right Safeguard Standards，Personal injury compensation